Some Tips for Pride and Prejudice Essay Topics

Some Tips for Pride and Prejudice Essay TopicsPride and Prejudice essays have many challenges that students must overcome to earn their high school diploma. However, they should not be discouraged if they cannot get through this reading challenge. Students who can overcome these challenges may be those who are determined to complete a high school education. Of course, there are those who cannot get through the reading challenge but still they are able to write an essay that is worth reading.Most high school students are faced with these essay topics at some point in their lives. However, most of them do not succeed. The main reason is that most high school students cannot take pride in their writing abilities or fail to comprehend the basic idea behind their essays. Their pride and prejudice essay topics are rarely what they expect them to be.A person's pride can be helped in almost any high school. The first place to start is the principal's office. He or she can have a one on one m eeting with the students to get feedback. Students should also be encouraged to attend a group at school or even online to discuss the problems that they encounter when trying to write a paper.Another option for students who are struggling with an essay topic is to have a writing workshop with other students. However, students should know that there is no one-size-fits-all solution for a pride and prejudice essay topic. This is because it depends on the writer as well as the reader.On the other hand, there are many students who can succeed in an essay topic. It all depends on how the student is able to analyze the argument in his or her paper. If a student is able to successfully read the argument in his paper, then that is when a student can go ahead and write his or her own piece of paper that will be worth reading.While going to class and studying is essential, there are other study groups that can be organized for students who do not feel like attending classes. The student who does not want to stay up late and get up early can get organized with other students and study later at night instead. These methods can also be used when a student wants to stop studying so much.Pride and prejudice essay topics do not have to be too difficult to write. They just need to be able to be analyzed properly and correctly. This can be done by providing students with some help from the teachers. Besides, students can be encouraged to learn the rules of grammar, punctuation, and spelling while writing their essays.

Hopewell Culture North Americas Horticulturalists

The Hopewell culture (also known as Hopewellian or Adena culture) of the United States refers to a prehistoric society of Middle Woodland (100 BCE–500 CE) horticulturalists and hunter-gatherers. They were responsible for building some of the largest indigenous earthworks in the country, and for obtaining and trading imported, long distance source materials from Yellowstone Park to the Gulf coast of Florida. Key Takeaways: Hopewell Hunter-gatherer and horticulturalists in the American eastern woodlands between 100 BCE–500 CE  Built numerous large earthworks, which were likely ceremonial centers  Lived in small dispersed settlements  Built and maintained the Hopewell Interaction Sphere, a trade network in exotic raw materials that spanned nearly the entire North American continent Distribution of Sites View of Mound City at the Hopewell Culture National Historic Park, near what is today the town of Chillicothe Ohio. Marilyn Angel Wynn / Nativestock / Getty Images Plus Geographically, Hopewell residential and ceremonial sites are located in the American eastern woodlands, concentrated along the river valleys within the Mississippi watershed including parts of the Missouri, Illinois, and Ohio Rivers. Hopewell sites are most common in Ohio (where they are called the Scioto tradition), Illinois (Havana tradition) and Indiana (Adena), but they can also be found in parts of Wisconsin, Michigan, Iowa, Missouri, Kentucky, West Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, Louisiana, North and South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia and Florida. The largest cluster of earthworks are found in the Scioto River Valley of southeastern Ohio, an area which is considered by scholars the Hopewell core. Settlement Patterns The Hopewell built some truly spectacular ritual mound complexes out of sod blocks—the best known is the Newark mound group in Ohio. Some Hopewell mounds were conical, some were geometric or effigies of animals or birds. Some of the groups were enclosed by rectangular or circular sod walls; some may have had a cosmological significance and/or an astronomical alignment. Generally, the earthworks were solely ritual architecture, where nobody lived full time. There is clear ritual activity at the mounds, though, that included the manufacture of exotic goods for burials, as well as feasting and other ceremonies. Hopewell people are thought to have lived in small local communities of between 2–4 families, dispersed along the fringes of rivers and connected to one or more mound centers by shared material cultural and ritual practices. Rockshelters, if available, were often used as hunting campsites, where meat and seeds may have been processed before returning to base camps. Hopewell Economy Mica Raptor Talon Effigy, Hopewell Culture, Ohio, North America. John Weinstein  © The Field Museum At one time, archaeologists thought that anyone who built such mounds must have been farmers: but archaeological exploration has clearly identified the builders of the mounds as horticulturalists, who tended stands of seed crops. They built earthworks, participated in long-distance exchange networks, and only periodically traveled to earthworks for social/ceremonial gatherings. Much of the diet of the Hopewell people was based on hunting white-tailed deer and freshwater fish, and nuts and seeds, supplemented by the tending and shifting slash and burn methods of growing local seed-bearing plants such as maygrass, knotweed, sunflowers, chenopodium and tobacco. The Hopewell people were semi-sedentary, who exercised a varying degree of seasonal mobility, following the various plants and animals as the weather changed throughout the year. Artifacts and Exchange Networks Winneswissa Falls, in Pipestone National Monument, Minnesota. John Brueske / iStock / Getty Images Archaeologists still debate how much of the exotic materials found in the mounds and residential areas got there as a result of long-distance trade or as a result of seasonal migrations or long distance travels. But, quite nonlocal artifacts are found in many Hopewell sites, and were manufactured into a variety of ritual objects and tools. Appalachian mountains: Black bear teeth, mica, steatiteUpper Mississippi valley: Galena and pipestoneYellowstone: Obsidian and bighorn sheep hornsGreat Lakes: Copper and silver oresMissouri River: Knife River FlintGulf and Atlantic coasts: Marine shell and sharks teeth Hopewell craft specialists made pottery, stone tools, and textiles, in addition to exotic ritual artifacts. Status and Class It seems inescapable: there is evidence for the presence of an elite class. A few individuals were buried at the earthen mound sites and interred in complex burial mounds, with lots of exotic and imported grave goods, and show evidence of receiving elaborate mortuary. Their bodies were processed in ritual center charnel houses before being buried in mounds with exotic funerary offerings. What additional control those individuals had while living, apart from earthbound construction, is difficult to establish. They may have been political leaders of kin-based councils  or non-kin sodalities; or they may have been members of some hereditary elite group who were responsible for the feasting and earthwork construction and maintenance. Archaeologists have used stylistic variations and geographic localities to identify tentative peer polities, small collections of groups that were centered around in one or more mound centers, particularly in Ohio. Relations between the groups were typically nonviolent among different polities  based on the relative lack of traumatic injuries on Hopewell skeletons. The Rise and Fall of the Hopewell The reason why hunter-gatherer/horticulturalists built big earthworks is a puzzle—the earliest mounds in North America were built by their predecessors, whose archaeological remains are called the American Archaic tradition. Scholars suggest that mound construction occurred as a way to bind small communities together, communities who were mostly confined to waterways, but were too small to build social connections required to support one another in hard times, or to find appropriate marriage partners. If so, then economic relationships might have been established and maintained through public ritual, or mark territory or corporate identity. Some evidence exists suggesting at least some of the leaders were shamans, religious leaders. Little is known about why Hopewell mound-building ended, about 200 CE in the lower Illinois Valley  and about 350–400 CE in the Scioto river valley. There is no evidence of failure, no evidence of widespread diseases or heightened death rates: Basically, the smaller Hopewell sites simply aggregated into larger communities, located away from the Hopewell heartland, and the valleys were largely abandoned. Hopewell Archaeology Hopewell archaeology began in the early 20th century with the discovery of spectacular artifacts of stone, shell, and copper from mounds in a complex on Mordecai Hopewells farm on a tributary stream of the Scioto River in southcentral Ohio. Indigenous peoples living in the region today have argued that Hopewell is not an acceptable name for the ancient people, but have not as yet agreed on an acceptable alternative. There are hundreds if not thousands of archaeological sites associated with Hopewell. Here are a few of the better known. Ohio: Mound City, Tremper mounds, Fort Ancient, Newark Earthworks, Hopewell site, Great Serpent Mound (partly)Illinois: Pete Klunk, Ogden FettieGeorgia: KolomokiNew Jersey: Abbott Farm Selected Sources Boulanger, Matthew T., et al. Geochemical Analysis of Mica Source Specimens and Artifacts from the Abbott Farm National Historic Landmark (28ME1). American Antiquity 82.2 (2017): 374–96. Print.Emerson, Thomas, et al. The Allure of the Exotic: Reexamining the Use of Local and Distant Pipestone Quarries in Ohio Hopewell Pipe Caches. American Antiquity 78.1 (2013): 48–67. Print.Giles, Bretton. A Contextual and Iconographic Reassessment of the Headdress on Burial 11 from Hopewell Mound 25. American Antiquity 78.3 (2013): 502–19. Print.Herrmann, Edward W., et al. A New Multistage Construction Chronology for the Great Serpent Mound, USA. Journal of Archaeological Science 50.0 (2014): 117–25. Print.Magnani, Matthew, and Whittaker Schroder. New Approaches to Modeling the Volume of Earthen Archaeological Features: A Case-Study from the Hopewell Culture Mounds. Journal of Archaeological Science 64 (2015): 12–21. Print.Miller, G. Logan. Hopewell Bladelets: A B ayesian Radiocarbon Analysis. American Antiquity 83.2 (2018): 224–43. Print.---. Ritual Economy and Craft Production in Small-Scale Societies: Evidence from Microwear Analysis of Hopewell Bladelets. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 39 (2015): 124–38. Print.Wright, Alice P., and Erika Loveland. Ritualised Craft Production at the Hopewell Periphery: New Evidence from the Appalachian Summit. Antiquity 89.343 (2015): 137–53. Print.Wymer, Dee Anne. On the Edge of the Secular and the Sacred: Hopewell Mound-Builder Archaeology in Context. Antiquity 90.350 (2016): 532–34. Print.

Great American Speech Lou Gehrigs Farewell to Baseball

The Ice Bucket Challenge that  raised funds to cure  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)   has the distinction of being  one of the most successful fundraising efforts ever raising over $115 million dollars  during   a six-week period (August through mid-September 2014). This challenge went viral after  three young men with ALS posted a video that showed them dumping buckets of ice water on their heads in a symbolic stand against the disease.  They challenged others to film themselves doing the same and encouraged  charitable donations as well. On Facebook, Twitter, and other social media platforms, many  celebrities and sports figures obliged. The disease ALS was first identified in 1869, but it wasn’t until 1939 when  Lou Gehrig, a popular baseball player for the New York Yankees, brought national attention to the disease. When he learned he had contracted  ALS,   Gehrig decided to retire from baseball. Taking a suggestion from the sportswriter Paul Gallico, the New York Yankees held a Recognition Day to honor Gehrig. On  July 4, 1939,  62,000 fans watched as Gehrig delivered a short speech during which he described himself as the luckiest man on the face of the earth. The text and audio from the speech are on the American Rhetoric website. ALS, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord. There was then, and still is, no cure for this disease. Yet, in spite of this medical death sentence, Gehrig listed the relationships he had with others repeatedly as a blessing. First, he thanked the fans: I have been to ballparks for seventeen years and I have never received anything but kindness and encouragement from you fans. He thanked his fellow teammates: Look at these grand men. Which of you wouldn’t consider it the highlight of his career just to associate with them for even one day? Sure I’m lucky. He thanked the NY Yankees management team, and he thanked the members of the rival team, the NY Giants: When the New York Giants, a team you would give your right arm to beat and vice versa, sends you a gift, that’s something. He thanked the grounds keepers: When everybody down to the groundskeepers and those boys in the white coats remember you with trophies, that’s something. He thanked his parents:   When you have a father and mother who work all their lives so that you can have an education and build your body, its a blessing.   And, he thanked his wife: When you have a wife who has been a tower of strength and shown more courage than you dreamed existed, thats the finest I know. In this brief text, Gehrig demonstrated both incredible grace and excellent speech-craft.   According to several accounts, the speech was broadcast with multiple microphones, but only 286 words of the speech were actually recorded on tape. The readibility of this speech is grade 7, so this speech is literary informational text that can be easily shared with both middle and high school students.   Students can learn that Gehrigs rhetorical strategies included the anaphora, which is  the repetition of a first word or phrase in successive phrases. The result was a speech that followed a   pattern of thanks to those who had made him the luckiest man despite his fatal medical diagnosis.   Giving students speeches to analyze is one way for teachers in all subject areas to increase background knowledge about history and American culture. Teaching this farewell address meets the  Common Core Literacy Standards for History and Social Studies, that  require students to determine word meanings, appreciate the nuances of words, and steadily expand their range of words and phrases. Beyond the lesson in literary analysis, teaching this speech also provides students an example of a gracious sports hero, a model of humility. There also is the opportunity to acquaint students with the other baseball greats. According to press reports, at the conclusion of the speech, the famous Yankee slugger Babe Ruth walked up and put his arm around his former teammate.   Gehrigs status as a sports hero brought much attention to ALS;   two years after his diagnosis at the age of 35, he died. The ice bucket challenge that began in 2014 has also brought money and attention to finding a cure for the disease. In September  2016, scientists announced that the  ice bucket challenge funded  research​ that discovered  Ã‚  a gene that may contribute to the disease. All this  support to find a cure for ALS?   In the words of Lou Gehrig,  That’s something.

Mass Media And Its Impact On Society Essay - 1453 Words

Mass Media Introduction The evolution of mass media has changed remarkably over decades. Media has been a tool utilized to broadcast information and give entertainment to a broad audience for relatively some time. In many ways, the use of television has helped construct the overall understanding of society. What we visualize on television ultimately replicates the â€Å"realities of life†. The messages/images demonstrated on the air depict underlying customs sought out by society that are most reputable to the viewers. However, with such a powerful tool comes offsetting material that may be exposed to the public; ultimately causing the manipulation of the people’s attitudes and opinions. The false or lack of representations demonstrated on the air has caused a negative outlook on certain genders or races overt time. Today, there continues to be a set standard in which most individuals are accustomed to view. Therefore, in the remaining of the paper, I will examine each decade from the 1950â⠂¬â„¢s until the 2000’s and the depiction of gender roles in the media. The Postwar Booms The 1950’s was a time of advancement and complete simplicity. After World War 2, this gave rise to the economy as well as the so called â€Å"Baby Boom†. The media became a powerful medium as it publicized everything. This was mainly because of the overall increase of television units in middle-class households. The relocation of the middle-class families also took a turn in suburban areas. These familyShow MoreRelatedMass Media And Its Impact On Society1719 Words   |  7 PagesIn today’s world society believes that mass media plays a key role in shaping and communicating our culture. Mass Media is defined as a technological advancement of communication. People receive information about the world through mass media and it helps shape people’s beliefs, values, perception, and behavior. 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The Significant Area Of Concern Essay - 865 Words

The significant area of concern for Ernest Frank Pty Ltd (Ernest Frank) is the misuse of their confidential company and client information. It appears that Josephine West (West) has used information obtained in the course of her employment with Ernest Frank and used it for the benefit in her subsequent employment with Hale Bopp Pty Ltd (Hale Bopp). It is essential that Ernest Frank take immediate steps to protect their intellectual property and to stop any further unauthorised use of their company information by West and Hale Bopp from occurring. I advise that the protections available to Ernest Frank include the following: Duty of Confidentiality It appears that West copied, removed and possibly deleted confidential information, which she had access to during her employment with Ernest Frank. Such conduct by West would fall outside the realm of knowledge acquired by the employee as a routine part of performing their duties, that is, West disclosed information that was not in the public domain. In Prime Creative Media Pty Ltd v Vranijkova and Motoring Matters Pty Ltd (2010), the Federal Court explained that ‘the protection that should be afforded to information was not afforded due to its confidentiality or from any secrecy surrounding it, but rather afforded protection because of the purpose for which the information had been compiled and because the information was not accessible to those other than business’ employees.’ It is arguable that West’s conduct breached theShow MoreRelatedReview : Murai Specific Plan Project1377 Words   |  6 PagesDiego based home developer (â€Å"Generations†), to its lead agency, the City of San Marcos. 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For APFS to continue to communicate and defend management of public forests they developed a team to start valuing natural capital. The process of identifying

Saudi Aramco Oil and Gas Company †Free Sample Available

Question: Explain Management Structure Of Saudi Aramco Oil And Gas Company. Answer: Introduction Saudi Aramco is a national petroleum and gas cooperation based in Dhahran. The company has an estimated value of $ 6 trillion, making it the most valuable gas and oil cooperation globally (Kokal and Al-Kaabi, 2010, p. 68). In this paper, three issues are addressed; the management structure of Saudi Aramco Oil and Gas Company, roles and responsibilities of two divisions within the organization and how the corporation is contributing to the local community. Management Structure Of Saudi Aramco Oil And Gas Company According to AL Yousef and Stevens (2011, p. 6901), this organization uses its management structure to establish an effective strategic direction and also ensure that it have a competing edge in the market. Further, the governance structure helps Saudi Aramco to build brand image and positive reputation among the customers, business partners, and suppliers. Saudi Aramco is fully owned by the government of Saudi Arabia and stewarded by a board of directors which encompasses professionals from varied sectors (Anderson, 2014, p. 60). The leadership team is mandated to oversee the business affairs, formulate strategies for mitigating risks, and assess the organization opportunities. Henry and Springborg ( 2010, p. 120) ascertain that the management board includes the companys CEO, the president, head of leading Saudi academic institution, government ministers, senior individuals in the oil industry and professionals from the financial industry. The board of directors sets professional standards that are adhered by cooperate management members who ensure that auditing practices are conducted in an ethical and independent manner (Ross, 2011, p. 6). According to Anderson (2014, p. 61), an auditing body also forms an important component in the management structure of this company. This body operates independently in a process that is monitored and endorsed by the board of directors. The mandate of the auditing body is to ensure a robust and confidential review of the organization operations and offer a transparent and clear reporting channel. Under the auditing team, the company integrates its workforce in its management structure in order to anchor a strong cooperate values and build a future-oriented mind for maximum profits (Fattouh, and El-Katiri, 2013, p. 110). The employees are guided by codes and guidelines formulated by the board of directors as they navigate the global operations of the company. Ross (2011, p. 7) alludes that the organization uses these policies as its benchmark and compass against which it evaluates its performance as well as that of suppliers, affiliates, consultants and joint ventures based in Saudi A rabia and other countries globally. Kokal and Al-Kaabi (2010, p. 70) affirm that a supplier team that operates under the cooperate governance members is also part of the management structure of Saudi Aramco company. The team undertakings are guided by codes formulated by the board of directors in an aim of ensuring that the values and ethical standards of the organization are maintained across its supplier network. Further, the supplier team is mandated to ensure that the company maintains long-term mutual benefits with stakeholders and create a delivery channel of commitments made by the organizations to its target customers (Mellahi, Demirbag, and Riddle, 2011, p. 410). ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES IN TWO DIVISIONS OF SAUDI ARAMCO OIL AND GAS COMPANY The majority of companies in the gas and oil industry operates by segmenting duties and responsibilities to different divisions in the aim of heightening effectiveness by optimizing on human resource. Each of these segments is made up of competitive elements that influence its performance. This section will address two major divisions of Saudi Aramco Company. These segments include: Oil supply, planning and scheduling division. The research and development sector. OIL SUPPLY, PLANNING AND SCHEDULING DIVISION This segment is concerned with the management of oil, gas and refined products in the aim of ensuring that customers need are meet in the most cost effective way that is consistent with the technology. Ross (2011, p. 7) ascertain that this division has a primary role in ensuring that hydrocarbon inventories and systems are well governed so as to maintain a good reputation in the market which is vital in winning customers loyalty (Anderson, 2014, p. 66). Further, the segment has a responsibility of optimizing profits by reducing the operational costs involved in supplying oil to the target market. The company strives to use highly advanced technology with the ability to transport huge volumes of oil in a cost effective, safe and time sensitive manner. According to Saudi Aramco oil supply, planning and scheduling division integrates various segments such as supply refined products and NGL Terminal in order to guarantee optimum and efficient delivery of hydrocarbons to the customer in Saudi Arabia and other target markets globally (Ross, 2011, p. 9). The functioning of this division is aided by the operation coordination center video wall that gives a real time update of the key operations in the company. For instance, the video wall technology provides real-time information on material flows, customer demands, and inventory position. Additionally, the technology permits the oil supply segment to respond promptly to the needs of the market and thus, build a strong competing edge for market shares. Henry and Springborg (2010, p. 122) ascertain that over the past decade the company has been adjusting its oil supply operations to ensure that the undertaking is consistent with changes in technology. Saudi Aramco board of directors has mandated this segment the role of planning supply networks that optimize profit through the employment of unparalleled visibility into all components of the supply chain (Saudi Aramco). In this regard, the company is able to expand its product portfolio, heighten globalization and fluctuate the needs of the customers. The organization makes these undertakings possible by integrating its operations with the worlds best data solutions such as the SAP which helps in identifying and managing inventory shortages (Fattouh, and El-Katiri, 2013, p. 114). Further, the planning segment has a role of developing optimal oil production plans that are consistent with the inventory shortages, supply cycles, and product frequency. According to Henry and Springborg ( 2010, p. 130), the triple point of supply and planning division enables enterprise-wide visibility into all components of the supply network and guarantees strong profit optimization capabilities that drive error free planning and boosts productivity. The oil supply, planning, and scheduling division has also the responsibility of identifying upcoming problems, evaluating their impacts, and formulating strategies designed to take corrective actions of transforming inventories and altering production timeframes (Saudi Aramco). These mandates are made possible by effective compliance and control that supports highly accurate estimation of different parameters such as unplanned shutdowns and challenges in the oil transportation system. Umbach (2010, p. 1225), alludes that the planning division integrates segments such as procurement, production, and replenishment scheduling in order to compare optimum inventory levels based on presently available chain management procedures. The responsibility and roles in this division are designed with an aim of maintaining the market share of the company, especially in the global market. Muralidhar (2010, p. 67) affirms that this segment of oil production and supply is highly competitive and companies in the industries must formulate unique marketing strategies in order to increase their market control and thus, optimize profit margins. Saudi Aramco Oil and Gas Company employs product differentiation, highly advanced technology, strong brand image, and huge market share as it strengths in the production and supply operation (Umbach, 2010, p. 1225). These strengths enable the oil production and supply division of this company to compete effectively for market share. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DIVISION Saudi Aramco oil and Gas Company uses this segment to develop measures and strategies designed to satisfy dynamic customer needs and therefore, maintain a strong a brand image. According to Saudi Aramco, the company established the research and development sector with a primary role of developing unique technologies significant in achieving its set objectives such as increasing oil discovery and heightening reservoir recovery by 20-percent. This division integrates technology team, laboratory specialists, and field professions in order to conduct in-house research and development (Muralidhar, 2010, p. 68). Umbach (2010, p. 1228), alludes that this division has a responsibility of collaborating with leading global institutions and companies in developing new concepts that can aid the company in minimizing operational costs or increasing the market share. For instance, this division introduced the idea of Resbots that paved the way for increased recovery rates and better management of the reservoir. Saudi Aramco affirms that this segment also has the responsibility of developing measures aimed at satisfying short, medium and long-term needs of the customers. In this regard, the division has the roles of desulfurizing crude oil, managing carbon releases, and investigating clean fuels. For instance, the segment administers a program of deploying and testing cutting-edge technology that heightens operational efficiency, reliability, and safety. Jaffe and Soligo ( 2010, p. 25) ascertain that this division applies a high level of expertise and ingenuity in formulating innovative concepts aimed at increasing the accessibility of its products to the customers and thus, enable it to compete effectively with other companies spending substantial capital in research and development. According to Muralidhar (2010, p. 66), the primary responsibilities of the research and development division is to develop breakthrough solutions for the present and speculated challenges facing the company. Saudi Aramco Oil and Gas Company uses this segment to conceptualize technological ideas that are critical in maintaining an accessible, affordable, and sustainable energy to the customers while scaling down greenhouse gas emissions (Mellahi, Demirbag, and Riddle, 2011, p. 408). The research and development sector is highly competitive with the majority of companies in the gas and oil industry spending a substantial amount of resources in developing strategies aimed at optimizing their profit margins through the implementation of cost-effective solutions to challenges in the energy sector. CONTRIBUTION OF SAUDI ARAMCO OIL AND GAS COMPANY TO THE LOCAL COMMUNITY Saudi Aramco Oil and Gas Company has made numerous contributions to the welfare of individuals living in Saudi Arabia. First, the organization has a unique environmental master plan to minimize environmental pollutants associated with the burning of hydrocarbons. Umbach (2010, p. 1229) ascertains that Saudi Aramco is the leading organization in minimizing CO2 and sulfur emission. According to Jaffe and Soligo (2010, p. 26), Saudi Aramco company has set up numerous community outreach programs designed to foster a healthy, safe and vibrant locality for rampant future development and progress. These programs have a primary objective of motivating individuals to become more engaged and active members of the locality. The company strives to create public awareness on important issues and inspires locals to contribute positively to economic and social development (Saudi Aramco). Saudi Aramco has made tremendous steps in advocating for a healthy community through the establishment of John Hopkins Aramco Healthcare (JHAH) (Spence, 2011, p. 92). The company uses the healthcare unit to enhance and support the health of their employees, dependents, and retirees. JHAH offers numerous preventive and wellness programs designed to enhance the quality of medical care experience for all members of the community. According to Umbach (2010, p. 1230), the healthcare unit uses highly advanced technology such as urology surgical system to better patient care and treatment. The company also contributes to the wellbeing of individuals in the locality by providing a subsidized home ownership program for their employees. Over the past six decades, the organization has financed more than 65, 000 new residents that incorporate energy efficiency, and green technology (Tordo, 2011, p. 100). Saudi Aramco also conducts periodical safety awareness campaigns aimed at cultivating safe driving habits through instilling skills, building emergency response capacity, and developing strategies that depress unsafe driving. Additionally, the company has spent substantial capital in implementing projects with the aim of improving the infrastructure of the local area. For instance, the company completed the Thuwai project and other two flood control channels (Muralidhar, 2010, p. 65). RECOMMENDATIONS Based on the literature reviewed in this paper, it will be worth for the company to increase the amount of capital it allocates for research and development particularly in oil processing and transportation technology. New discoveries will aid the organization in differentiating its product a strategy that will be significant in maintaining customer loyalty and brand image reputation. Further, the organization should ensure that the technology applied in oil production is environmentally friendly so as to minimize adverse impacts to the ecosystem. The management structure of any company has substantial positive impacts on the success of the organization. Saudi Aramco should strive to in-cooperate professionals with wide range of experience in the oil and gas industry in its leadership. These experts will be vital in implementing and conceptualizing key strategies that aid the company in competing effectively in the global market. CONCLUSION Saudi Aramco management structure is formulated with clear missions and targets that guide the operations of the cooperation. From the literature, the company undertakes its activities in a segmented manner in which each of the division has its unique roles and responsibilities. Companies in the oil and gas industry compete for market share through these divisions which steward major operations in the organizations. The environment influences the success of the oil and gas industry significantly. In this regard, the majority of companies undertakes various activities that contribute to the safeguarding of the ecosystem and enhancing the well-being of individuals in the community. 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Filippo Brunelleschi Essay Example For Students

Filippo Brunelleschi Essay Use of perspective in art finds its root in one man, Filippo Brunelleschi. Although we dont know for sure, it is likely that Brunelleschi also invented linear, or scientific perspective. Donatellos The Feast of Herod is the earliest surviving example of scientific perspective, which is established through the use of a vanishing point, an imaginary single point on the page in which all the parallel lines meet. Donatellos Feast of Herod was a groundbreaking work by that days standards, and a complete failure in the fulfillment of compositional requirements of traditional classical or medieval standards. The focal point of the piece, the presentation of St. Johns head to Herod, is in the far left corner, and the crowd watching is clustered into the right corner. Upon examination of the action, however, Donatellos intention is clear; by placing the people in this way, the gesture and emotion of the scene is more implicit and effective. It is also more clearly established that the scene does not end at the focal point, it in fact continues off into every direction, an impression more clearly made with his use of scientific perspective. This window view into the scene was a radical step, and would influence how the picture plane was to be seen from that point on. Another important milestone in the history of perspective is Pietro Perudinos The Delivery of the Keys. Painted in 1482, this work employs a grave, symmetrical structure, a tool he used to emphasize the importance of the scene being represented: The authority of St. Peter as the first pope, and all of his successors, rests on his having received the keys to the Kingdom of Heaven from Christ himself. The onlookers are all rendered with powerfully individualized faces. Equally powerful is the vast expanse of the almost surreal background. The spatial clarity, established by the use of mathematically precise perspective, is the influence of Brunelleschi. Andrea Mantegna was another 15th century painter. He was a prodigy that rendered in paint with skill from the age of 16 on. With the painting St. James Led to His Execution Mantegna established himself as a person who wasnt afraid to break with traditional painting techniques, and adds a daring touch by painting from a ground up view of the scene. This was used because the painting was hung so tha the bottom of the painting was at the viewers eye level. Because of this the architecture looms intimidatingly, and is made more convincing by his use of scientific perspective. His desire for authenticity can be seen in every small detail, including the Roman soldiers costumes. It even extends to the use of wet drapery patterns, an invention of classical Greek sculpture that was then passed onto the Romans. We can also find a reference to Donatello in Mantegnas rendering of the lean, tense bodies of the Roman soldiers. The intensity that Mantegna establishes by using these techniques hardly fits the subject matter, as the condemned saint, on the way to his execution, stops to bless a paralytic man and command him to walk. The onlookers facial expressions and gesture hint at how deeply this sight has stirred them. Mantegna has even painted a violent scene erupting off to the right as the crowd becomes agitated. In writing this paper, I assumed that you assigned the paintings in the Met because of their accessibility to engineering students who may not have any art books. I knew of these works as important stepping stones in the modern use of perspective, and I felt the need to write.